10.35092/yhjc.11320070.v1 Emily Arentson-Lantz Emily Arentson-Lantz Supplemental Figure 1 - CONSORT (LEU) Flow Diagram of study enrolment, allocation and analysis for Preserving Muscle Mass and Function in Bedridden Older Adults (EBR) Clinical Trial The NIH Figshare Archive 2019 physical inactivity nutritional intervention dietary supplementation 2019-12-06 12:24:39 Figure https://nih.figshare.com/articles/figure/Supplemental_Figure_1_-_CONSORT_LEU_Flow_Diagram_of_study_enrolment_allocation_and_analysis_for_Preserving_Muscle_Mass_and_Function_in_Bedridden_Older_Adults_EBR_Clinical_Trial/11320070 CONSORT flow diagram of study enrolment, allocation and analysis. The diagram shows the number of subjects who met the criteria for inclusion and/or exclusion from the study and their distribution between the two study groups presented in this current manuscript and additional study arms of the parent protocol.<div><br><div>NCT# 01846130 - Preserving Muscle Mass and Function in Bedridden Older Adults (EBR)<br><br></div></div><div><p>The loss of muscle mass and function in older adults during bed rest is facilitated by defects in the regulation of muscle protein metabolism, including an impaired ability to mount an anabolic response to a mixed nutrient meal. The investigators propose that low-intensity exercise and supplementing daily meals with leucine or whey will independently and synergistically reduce the deleterious effects of inactivity on skeletal muscle and facilitate recovery during rehabilitation. Metabolic measures will include: a) nutrient and exercise-specific markers of translation initiation; b) skeletal muscle protein synthesis; and c) a novel breath test of glucose tolerance. Morphologic and functional measures will include: a) muscle mass and body composition; b) muscle strength and function; and c) motor activation. The investigators will test the following hypotheses in older men and women (65-80 years) during 7 days of bed rest followed by 7 days of inpatient rehabilitation:</p><br><p>Inactivity-induced metabolic dysregulation will blunt the anabolic response to meals, facilitating a loss of lean muscle mass, glucose tolerance and functional capacity that is partially restored during rehabilitation.</p><p>Supplementing daily meals with leucine or whey will maintain nutrient-stimulated translation initiation and preserve the anabolic response to meal ingestion. This will partially preserve lean muscle mass and function during bed rest and facilitate the recovery of functional and metabolic capacity during rehabilitation.</p><p>Daily low-intensity exercise will preserve motor unit activation, stimulate the exercise-regulated signaling pathway and normalize the anabolic response to meal ingestion. This will partially preserve glucose tolerance, lean muscle mass and function during bed rest and facilitate rehabilitation.</p><p>This translational project will provide mechanistic and practical insight into strategies to reduce the negative consequences of physical inactivity and promote rehabilitation in aging muscle. Our novel, minimally invasive and clinically interventions have direct application for older hospitalized patients at risk of accelerated muscle loss and diminished functional capacity.</p><div><br></div></div>